305/70R18 is 0.02" shorter than 285/75R18, a −0.06% change in diameter, inside the 3% range most shops treat as a safe swap.
Ground clearance changes by 0.01" (half the diameter change), and the tire needs 0.01" less room above it.
305/70R18 is 0.79" wider. On the same wheel offset about half of that, 0.39", moves toward the suspension and half toward the fender.
Both fit a 18" wheel; the sidewall is 0.01" shorter on 305/70R18.
Details: 285/75R18 in inches · 305/70R18 in inches · change sizes in the calculator