How do I convert Roman numerals to numbers?

Switch to Roman → Number and type the numeral, for example MCMXCIX. The result is 1999. If the numeral is written in a non-standard way, the standard form is shown below it.

What is 1999 in Roman numerals?

MCMXCIX: M (1000) + CM (900) + XC (90) + IX (9).

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

The standard rule uses subtraction so no symbol repeats more than three times. IIII appears on many clock faces by tradition.

What is the largest Roman numeral?

Without a bar, MMMCMXCIX (3,999). With the vinculum bar the converter goes to 3,999,999.

Roman Numeral Converter – Numbers, Years & Dates

What is 2026 in Roman numerals?

2026 is MMXXVI: MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6). Next year, 2027, is MMXXVII.

Roman numeral symbols

I	V	X	L	C	D	M
1	5	10	50	100	500	1000

How do Roman numerals work?

Write the value from the largest symbol to the smallest and add them: MDCLXVI = 1000 + 500 + 100 + 50 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 1666. A smaller symbol placed before a larger one is subtracted. Only six such pairs are used in the standard form:

Pair	IV	IX	XL	XC	CD	CM
Value	4	9	40	90	400	900

A symbol is not repeated more than three times in a row, so 4 is IV rather than IIII (clock faces are a well-known exception). The converter flags non-standard numerals and shows the standard spelling.

Roman numerals chart 1–100

1–25	26–50	51–75	76–100
1 = I	26 = XXVI	51 = LI	76 = LXXVI
2 = II	27 = XXVII	52 = LII	77 = LXXVII
3 = III	28 = XXVIII	53 = LIII	78 = LXXVIII
4 = IV	29 = XXIX	54 = LIV	79 = LXXIX
5 = V	30 = XXX	55 = LV	80 = LXXX
6 = VI	31 = XXXI	56 = LVI	81 = LXXXI
7 = VII	32 = XXXII	57 = LVII	82 = LXXXII
8 = VIII	33 = XXXIII	58 = LVIII	83 = LXXXIII
9 = IX	34 = XXXIV	59 = LIX	84 = LXXXIV
10 = X	35 = XXXV	60 = LX	85 = LXXXV
11 = XI	36 = XXXVI	61 = LXI	86 = LXXXVI
12 = XII	37 = XXXVII	62 = LXII	87 = LXXXVII
13 = XIII	38 = XXXVIII	63 = LXIII	88 = LXXXVIII
14 = XIV	39 = XXXIX	64 = LXIV	89 = LXXXIX
15 = XV	40 = XL	65 = LXV	90 = XC
16 = XVI	41 = XLI	66 = LXVI	91 = XCI
17 = XVII	42 = XLII	67 = LXVII	92 = XCII
18 = XVIII	43 = XLIII	68 = LXVIII	93 = XCIII
19 = XIX	44 = XLIV	69 = LXIX	94 = XCIV
20 = XX	45 = XLV	70 = LXX	95 = XCV
21 = XXI	46 = XLVI	71 = LXXI	96 = XCVI
22 = XXII	47 = XLVII	72 = LXXII	97 = XCVII
23 = XXIII	48 = XLVIII	73 = LXXIII	98 = XCVIII
24 = XXIV	49 = XLIX	74 = LXXIV	99 = XCIX
25 = XXV	50 = L	75 = LXXV	100 = C

Years in Roman numerals

Year	Roman	Year	Roman
1990	MCMXC	1991	MCMXCI
1992	MCMXCII	1993	MCMXCIII
1994	MCMXCIV	1995	MCMXCV
1996	MCMXCVI	1997	MCMXCVII
1998	MCMXCVIII	1999	MCMXCIX
2000	MM	2001	MMI
2002	MMII	2003	MMIII
2004	MMIV	2005	MMV
2006	MMVI	2007	MMVII
2008	MMVIII	2009	MMIX
2010	MMX	2011	MMXI
2012	MMXII	2013	MMXIII
2014	MMXIV	2015	MMXV
2016	MMXVI	2017	MMXVII
2018	MMXVIII	2019	MMXIX
2020	MMXX	2021	MMXXI
2022	MMXXII	2023	MMXXIII
2024	MMXXIV	2025	MMXXV
2026	MMXXVI	2027	MMXXVII
2028	MMXXVIII	2029	MMXXIX
2030	MMXXX	2031	MMXXXI
2032	MMXXXII	2033	MMXXXIII
2034	MMXXXIV	2035	MMXXXV

How do you write a date in Roman numerals?

Convert the month, day and year separately and join them with dots, spaces or middle dots. 22 October 2026 is X.XXII.MMXXVI in US order and XXII.X.MMXXVI in day-month order. Use the date row above to make one; for a tattoo, double-check the order you want before copying.

How are numbers above 3,999 written?

Standard Roman numerals stop at 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). Larger numbers were written with a bar over the letters, the vinculum, which multiplies by 1,000: V̅ is 5,000 and X̅ is 10,000. The converter uses this up to 3,999,999.

Is there a zero in Roman numerals?

No. The Roman system has no symbol for zero or for negative numbers.

Sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Roman numeral. Checked October 2026.